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br Iterative design approach overview An iterative design st
2020-08-26
Iterative design approach overview An iterative design strategy is used to identify a peptidase-resistant reporter that acts as an efficient substrate for kinases in cell lysates as well as intact cells (Fig. 1). In this process, small-scale, rationally designed libraries are used to screen pepti
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In contrast a single instillation of
2020-08-26
In contrast, a single instillation of BLM results in a progression of inflammatory events that culminates in marked remodeling of the lung interstitium. This process takes 2–3 weeks, with the fibrotic lesions becoming most pronounced within the first month [9]. Consequently, the BLM model offers the
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ApoE is secreted from astrocytes glia into
2020-08-26
ApoE is secreted from astrocytes/glia into the interstitial fluid and is important for metabolizing Aβ because of its propensity for binding Aβ as a cholesterol and phospholipid acceptor in reverse cholesterol transport [8]. Aβ oligomers show a direct toxicity to neurons, and ApoE inhibits oligomer
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Introduction Activation of epidermal growth
2020-08-26
Introduction Activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) is a key factor in the progression of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). EGFR-RTKs cause proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis, as well as suppress apoptosis, in lung adenocarcinoma
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br Transparency document br Main Text
2020-08-26
Transparency document Main Text The centrosome is a non-membrane-bound organelle found in most animal cells. It has several important functions, including control of cilia formation, microtubule organization and nucleation, spindle assembly and transport of organelles and vesicles. Centrosomes
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RJR-2403 oxalate br General mechanism of NHEJ NHEJ is an
2020-08-26
General mechanism of NHEJ NHEJ is an amazingly versatile pathway that can select specific enzymes which bind to, process, and finally mediate the direct re-ligation of a wide range of DSBs including those that are complex, have incompatible ends, and contain RJR-2403 oxalate damages [7], [8], [9
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The present work shows that normal climatic conditions are
2020-08-26
The present work shows that normal climatic conditions are not critical for the long time survival of DNA in untreated blood stains. This information may be useful for laboratories who wish to store reference blood samples in a simple way, while saving the costs of commercial substrates that are tre
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Two major mechanisms including apoptosis
2020-08-24
Two major mechanisms including apoptosis and oxidative stress have been suggested for MTX-induced cytotoxicity (Hafez et al., 2015; Neuman et al., 1999; El-Sheikh et al., 2015). It has been reported that MTX promotes cell death via apoptosis in both cancerous and non-transformed cells (Mazur et al.,
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As the COMT enzyme is primarily related to
2020-08-24
As the COMT enzyme is primarily related to prefrontal dopamine degradation (e.g., Yavich et al., 2007), the present study supports the notion that prefrontal dopamine modulates retention of fear extinction rather than within-session extinction (Abraham et al., 2014). Consistent with other studies we
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Materials and methods br Results Assay of botulinum toxin ac
2020-08-24
Materials and methods Results Assay of botulinum toxin activity is critical for the risk-assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of botulism cases. The frequently encountered active forms of the toxin are; L chain (inside intoxicated neuronal cells), BoNT (in the blood stream of a botulism patient,
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The two most important biological machineries
2020-08-24
The two most important biological machineries controlling proteostasis, PQC, and degradation are autophagy and the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) (). Autophagy is a lysosome-dependent, tightly regulated catabolic process that degrades unwanted cell organelles and cytoplasmic constituents in lysos
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br UVC induced DNA damage a model to
2020-08-24
UVC-induced DNA damage: a model to study DNA damage tolerance The UV components of sunlight that reaches the Earth surface are one of the most carcinogenic agents humans are exposed to, and the leading cause of skin cancer [4,12]. UV light causes different types of DNA damage through indirect and
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There are a few visible DNA staining methods which use
2020-08-24
There are a few visible DNA staining methods, which use dyes such as methylene blue, brilliant cresyl blue [7], crystal violet [8], Nile blue [9], [10] and ethyl violet [11]. However, although safe, these methods require long staining times, lack sensitivity and are not specific for nucleic acids.
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Diacylglycerol kinases DGK and are
2020-08-24
Diacylglycerol kinases (DGK) α and ζ are lipid kinases that limit diacylglycerol (DAG)-dependent activation pathways downstream of the TCR (Merida et al., 2015). Their upregulation in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) has been linked to generation of hyporesponsive states that contribute to immun
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5 alpha reductase inhibitor Several research groups have dis
2020-08-24
Several research groups have disclosed potent and selective DGAT-1 inhibitors from several chemically-distinct series. Pre-clinical studies with these compounds have confirmed that small molecule DGAT-1 inhibitors can elicit metabolic outcomes comparable to those observed in DGAT-1−/− mice.19, 20, 2
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