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br Introducing toll like receptors TLRs
2025-01-02
Introducing toll like receptors TLRs are the most important receptors which are expressed on the cytoplasmic and internal vesicles membrane. They have a similar structure including a leucine-rich repeats (LRRs) domain which is out of droperidol membrane, a hydrophobic transmembrane and a toll/in
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Introduction Apoptosis signal regulating kinase ASK a family
2025-01-02
Introduction Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1), a family member of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase kinase kinase (MAP3K) family, selectively activates the JNK and p38 MAP kinase pathways in response to various types of stresses, including oxidative stress, and subsequently indu
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Molecular docking quantitative structure activity relationsh
2025-01-02
Molecular docking, quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) and high-throughput virtual screening (HTVS) studies have a very widespread use in computer-assisted drug design.25, 26, 27, 28 Suvannang et al. used the published X-ray crystallographic data to examine known aromatase inhibitors
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br Conclusions A large body
2025-01-02
Conclusions A large body of evidence indicates that oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of NDDs. Hence, reducing oxidative stress or suppressing its downstream pathways may be beneficial for the treatment of these diseases, especially such chronic diseases as AD or glaucoma. Here we
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It is noticed that MDL only
2025-01-02
It is noticed that MDL-28170 only partly reversed isoflurane-induced AIF release and nuclear translocation. In addition to calpain mechanism, activation of the DNA repair enzyme poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is also essential for AIF release (Culmsee et al., 2005; Moubarak et al., 2007), a
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br Conclusion br Conflicts of interest br Acknowledgements T
2025-01-02
Conclusion Conflicts of interest Acknowledgements The authors are grateful to the Ministry of Food Processing Industries, Govt of India (V45/MFPI/R&D/2000 Vol.IV) and Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, Govt. of India (BT/475/NE/TBP/20132), American Bamboo Society and Ned Jaquith Founda
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Due to anatomical and physiologic characteristics of the eye
2025-01-02
Due to anatomical and physiologic characteristics of the eye, administration of ophthalmic medicines is difficult and many studies showed that only approximately 5% of the administrated dose are absorbed by intraocular tissues, making the treatment unfeasible for diseases located in posterior segmen
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Although many factors influence the effects of medications d
2025-01-02
Although many factors influence the effects of medications, during recent years it has become evident that genetic factors could explain the differences between individuals in drug response. These differences are due to variants in genes encoding drug targets [8]. The challenge for pharmacogenetics
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br The lipoxygenase pathway in
2025-01-02
The 12/15-lipoxygenase pathway in the pancreatic islet and in diabetes mellitus Homeostasis of blood glucose is maintained by hormone secretion from the pancreatic islets of Langerhans. More specifically, insulin produced by the β NVP-BKM120 Hydrochloride of the islet plays a major role in prope
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Introduction A defining feature of cancer cells
2024-12-31
Introduction A defining feature of cancer cells is disruption of the normal controls of the cell cycle; a tumor suppressor or inhibitor may act by restricting progression of the cell cycle. P27 (also known as cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B, P27, or Kip1) is a putative cell-cycle inhibitor pro
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br Results and discussion The
2024-12-31
Results and discussion The classical radiochemical adenosine kinase assays developed to monitor AdK activity utilize [3H]adenosine or [14C]adenosine, respectively. The assays are terminated by spotting the incubation mixture onto diethylaminoethyl (DEAE) anion exchange filter disks or onto a poly
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br Results br Discussion Today
2024-12-31
Results Discussion Today, enzymes play important roles in various fields. A good assay for enzyme activity is of great value, especially when it has good specificity, sensitivity, reproducibility and economy. ADK is the first identified enzyme in the metabolic pathway of adenosine salvage [15,
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The present study has several
2024-12-31
The present study has several limitations. First, the results were obtained using RAW264.7 cells, which are derived from BALB/c mice infected with the Abelson leukemia virus (Raschke et al., 1978). However, these cells, which are a commonly used mouse macrophage cell line, show properties similar to
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br Materials and methods br Results In order to eval
2024-12-30
Materials and methods Results In order to evaluate changes in the amount of PKC-θ expressed by MEL cells at different stages of the cell cycle, we measured the level of the kinase in cells collected from cultures containing 90% of cells in the interphase or 80% cells synchronized at the metaph
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Protein microarrays represent just one
2024-12-30
Protein microarrays represent just one of a variety of experimental approaches that can be used to generate datasets of relevance to pathway mapping. Other approaches include protein Misoprostol profiling techniques, such as antibody arrays [29], tissue arrays [30] and 2-dimensional gel electrophor
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